Eliminate Racial Disproportionality and Advance Racial Equity

  • Equity in Kindergarten Readiness

    Equity in Kindergarten Readiness

    Although the statewide rate of kindergarten readiness has improved by 5.9 percentage points over the past six years (as measured by the Washington Kindergarten Inventory of Developing Skills assessment), this change has not benefitted all racial/ethnic groups equally. The readiness rates for American Indian/Alaska Native, Hispanic/Latino, and Native Hawaiian/Other Pacific Islander children remain substantially below the rates for children from other groups. Readiness rates for Black/African American children have somewhat increased (by 4.6 percentage points) but Asian and White children continue to have the highest rates of kindergarten readiness and those rates have increased faster than have the rates for other groups (by 11.7 and 6.8 percentage points respectively). Equity in kindergarten readiness is an outcome indicator for our strategic priority to eliminate racial disproportionality and advance racial equity.

    Kindergarten Readiness by Race/Ethnicity, 2015-2021 School Years
      depressed adults
    Early Learning
    Racial Equity
    Strategic Priority Outcome

  • Disproportionality in Child Welfare

    Disproportionality in Child Welfare

    Child welfare disproportionality is another outcome indicator for our strategic priority to eliminate racial disproportionality and advance racial equity. DCYF tracks disproportionality in Child Welfare across multiple decision points, using Disproportionality Ratios. Scores of 0 – 0.99 indicate that, compared to its proportion in the population, a group is underrepresented at that decision point, while scores of 1.1 and greater indicate that a group is overrepresented. Black/African American, American Indian/Alaska Native, and White children and youth are overrepresented compared to their representation in the underlying population.

    Much of these disproportionalities in placement are attributable to disproportionalities at intake.

    READ THE WASHINGTON STATE CHILD WELFARE DISPARITY INDICES REPORT

    Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality Ratios for All Child Welfare Intakes (Screened Out or Screened-In), 2014-2021
      graph
    Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality Ratios for Screened-In Child Welfare Intakes, 2014-2021
      graph
    Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality Ratios for Child Welfare Removals, 2014-2020
      graph
    Child Welfare
    Racial Equity
    Strategic Priority Outcome

  • Room Confinement and Isolation

    Room Confinement and Isolation

    Clients in JR can be placed in room confinement (locked in the room designated for their sleeping, during times when other clients are outside of their rooms) or in isolation (locked in a room that is not designated for their sleeping, often a padded room). DCYF tracks the 30 day rate of room confinement and isolation for clients released from residential facilities each state fiscal year (SFY). In SFY 2021, the 30 day RCI rate for White clients was 0.60, meaning that White clients who released in SFY 2021 experienced, on average, 0.60 RCI events every 30 days, during their stay with JR.

    Thirty Day Rate of RCI by Race/Ethnicity, SFY 2017-2021
      depressed adults
    Juvenile Rehabilitation
    Racial Equity

  • Community Facility Placement

    Community Facility Placement

    All clients in JR start at an institution. After they have spent 10% or 30 days of their sentence in an institution, most clients can be considered for placement in a community facility. DCYF tracks the disparity ratio of community facility placement. A ratio of 1.0 indicates that clients of that race/ethnicity are placed in community facilities at the same rate that they are placed in JR. A ratio above 1 indicates that group is placed at a higher frequency, and a ratio below 1 indicates that they are placed at a lower rate than their overall population in JR.

    Racial/Ethnic Disparity Ratios for Community Facility Placement, 2017-2021
      depressed adults
    Juvenile Rehabilitation
    Racial Equity

  • Discretionary Parole Placement

    Discretionary Parole Placement

    Approximately 50% of clients in JR are assigned to parole aftercare. Although about half of parole assignments are mandatory based on a client’s committing offense, the remaining half of parole assignment is based on JR discretion. DCYF tracks racial/ethnic disparity in discretionary parole placement using a Disparity Ratio. A value of 1.0 indicates that clients of that race/ethnicity are placed on parole at the same rate that they are placed in JR. A ratio above 1 indicates that group is placed at a higher frequency, and a ratio below 1 indicates that they are placed at a lower rate than their overall population in JR.

    Racial/Ethnic Disparity Ratios for Discretionary Parole Placement, SFY 2017-2021
      depressed adults
    Juvenile Rehabilitation
    Racial Equity

  • Disparity in Child Welfare

    Disparity in Child Welfare

    Where disproportionality identifies the over or under representation of a group compared to that group in the underlying population, disparity identifies inequity after a child or youth has entered the system by comparing the proportion of a group at a decision point to the proportion of that group at a prior decision point. DCYF tracks disparity in Child Welfare using Disparity Ratios; a disparity ratio of 1.0 would represent no change between decision points, whereas ratios greater than 1.0 indicate that the group proportion has increased since the prior decision point. An increase means that other racial/ethnic groups have exited the system to a greater extent by this point and is a sign of disparity.

    Racial/Ethnic Disparity Ratios for Out-of-Home Care Placements within 12 Months of Intake, 2014-2020
      depressed adults
    Racial/Ethnic Disparity Ratios for Out-of-Home Care Lasting Longer than Two Years, 2014-2018
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    Child Welfare
    Racial Equity

  • Disproportionality in Subsidy Enrollment

    Disproportionality in Subsidy Enrollment

    From 2017 to 2021, subsidized child care programs have enrolled between 27 - 42 percent of the income-eligible population of children under 5 years of age in Washington State. Across the years, Asian/Pacific Islander children have received subsidies at over three times the rate that they are represented in the eligible population. Black/African American children have been slightly over-represented, while other groups have been consistently under-represented to varying degrees. Hispanic/Latino children have been especially under-represented, with only 10% of eligible Hispanic/Latino children receiving subsidies in 2021.

    LEARN MORE ABOUT WORKING CONNECTIONS CHILD CARE

    Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality Ratios for Child Care Subsidy Uptake, School Years 2017-2021
      depressed adults
    Early Learning
    Racial Equity

  • Disproportionality in ECEAP Enrollment

    Disproportionality in ECEAP Enrollment

    Each year, around 15,000 children are enrolled in Washington's Early Childhood Education Assistance Program (ECEAP). DCYF tracks disproportionality in ECEAP enrollment using a Disproportionality Ratio. A disproportionality ratio of 1.0 would indicate that children of that race/ethnicity are enrolled in ECEAP at the same rate they exist in the underlying income-eligible population. For the past few years, Asian/Pacific Islander children have been enrolled in ECEAP at close to twice the rate that they are represented in the eligible population. Black/African American children have been slightly over-represented, while other groups have been consistently under-represented to varying degrees.

    LEARN MORE ABOUT ECEAP

    Racial/Ethnic Disproportionality Ratios for ECEAP Enrollment, School Years 2016-2021
      depressed adults
    Early Learning
    Racial Equity

  • Equity in Dialectical Behavior Therapy in JR

    Equity in Dialectical Behavior Therapy in JR

    Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) is the primary residential treatment for youth and young adults in Washington’s Juvenile Rehabilitation (JR) facilities. Two integral components of DBT are individual counseling sessions and skills groups. JR’s standard is for residents to attend 4 of each per month. Equitable access to appropriate treatment is a driver of equitable outcomes. Overall, in State Fiscal Year 2022, eligible clients accessed an average of 2.73 individual sessions and 2.64 skills groups each month. White and Hispanic youth and young adults received somewhat more DBT treatment, on average, than did residents who are Black/African American or Asian/Pacific Islander.

    READ THE EVALUATION OF DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY IN WASHINGTON STATE’S JUVENILE REHABILITATION

    READ THE UPDATE ON THE 2019 DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY RECOMMENDATIONS

    Average Number of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Individual Sessions Attended per Month by Juvenile Rehabilitation Facilities Residents, by Race/Ethnicity, SFYs 2021-2022
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    Average Number of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) Skills Groups Attended per Month by Juvenile Rehabilitation Facilities Residents, by Race/Ethnicity, SFYs 2021-2022
      graph
    Juvenile Rehabilitation
    Racial Equity
    Strategic Priority Driver
    Youth